Uhlalutyo lweenzuzo zoomatshini bokupakisha baseTshayina kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe

intshayelelo

Ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kokuhlanganiswa koqoqosho lwehlabathi, urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe ludlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwamazwe ahlukeneyo. Njengelizwe elikhulu lemveliso emhlabeni, iTshayina Umatshini wokuPakishaIshishini le-ry liye landa kakhulu kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe. Le ngxelo iza kubonelela ngohlalutyo oluneenkcukacha lweenzuzo zoomatshini bokupakisha baseTshayina kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe ukusuka kwiinkalo ezifana nomgangatho wemveliso, ubugcisa obutsha, ukhuphiswano lwamaxabiso, kunye nemfuno yemarike.

1. Iingenelo zomgangatho wemveliso

1.1 Inkqubo yokuvelisa egqibeleleyo

Emva kweminyaka yophuhliso, ishishini loomatshini bokupakisha laseTshayina lenze inkqubo yokuvelisa epheleleyo. Ukususela ekuthengweni kwezinto eziluhlaza, ukuveliswa kunye nokucutshungulwa, ukuvavanywa kwemveliso ukuya kwinkonzo yasemva kokuthengisa, zonke iinkalo zinemigangatho engqongqo yokulawula umgangatho kunye neenkqubo. Oku kuye kwaphucula kancinci udumo lweemveliso zoomatshini bokupakisha baseTshayina kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe kwaye kwaphumelela iiodolo ezininzi kwiinkampani zaseTshayina.

1.2 Imigca yemveliso etyebileyo

Ishishini loomatshini bokupakisha laseTshayina linoluhlu lweemveliso ezityebileyo, eziquka ukupakisha izinto zokuhombisa, ukupakisha amayeza, ukupakisha iikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla kunye nezinye iinkalo. Oku kuvumela iinkampani ukuba zilungelelanise ngokukhawuleza amaqhinga okuvelisa ukuze zihlangabezane neemfuno zabathengi xa zijongene neemfuno zemarike ezivela kumazwe ahlukeneyo nakwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Kwangaxeshanye, uluhlu lweemveliso ezityebileyo lukwabonelela ngamathuba okwandiswa kwemarike kwiinkampani zoomatshini bokupakisha baseTshayina.

2. Iingenelo zobuchule bokuyila izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe

2.1 Utyalo-mali oluqhubekayo lwe-R&D

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, urhulumente waseTshayina uqhubekile nokwandisa inkxaso yakhe kwimveliso entsha yezobuchwepheshe, kwaye utyalo-mali kwi-R&D kwishishini loomatshini bokupakisha nalo lukhule minyaka le. Iinkampani ezininzi ziye zaseka amasebe azo e-R&D, zazisa ubuchwepheshe kunye nezixhobo eziphambili zasekhaya nezangaphandle ukuze ziqhubeke nokuphucula umxholo wobugcisa weemveliso zazo.

2.2 Impumelelo etyebileyo kwimveliso entsha yezobuchwepheshe

Ngokutyalwa kwemali okuqhubekayo kuphando nophuhliso, impumelelo yobuchwepheshe obutsha kwishishini loomatshini bokupakisha laseTshayina iya isanda. Iimveliso ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe obutsha beenkampani ezininzi zifumene ingqalelo enkulu kunye nendumiso kwimiboniso yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe. Umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa koomatshini bokupakisha abazenzekelayo abakhawulezayo, iinkqubo zothutho ezikrelekrele kunye nezinye iteknoloji kunike iimveliso zoomatshini bokupakisha baseTshayina iingenelo ezibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwemveliso, ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo.

3. Inzuzo yokukhuphisana kwamaxabiso

3.1 Inzuzo yeendleko

Njengelizwe eliphambili lokuvelisa izinto kwihlabathi, iTshayina inezixhobo ezininzi zabasebenzi kunye nochungechunge olupheleleyo lwemizi-mveliso. Oku kuvumela iinkampani zoomatshini bokupakisha baseTshayina ukuba zinciphise ngokufanelekileyo iindleko zemveliso kwaye ziphucule umgangatho wemveliso ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso. Ukongeza, imigaqo-nkqubo exhasayo karhulumente waseTshayina kushishino loomatshini bokupakisha ikwabonelela ngenkxaso enamandla kuphuhliso lwamashishini.

3.2 Ukhuphiswano olukhulu lwamaxabiso

Ngokusekelwe kwiingenelo zeendleko, ukhuphiswano lwamaxabiso lweemveliso zoomatshini bokupakisha baseTshayina kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe lubaluleke kakhulu. Xa kuthelekiswa neemveliso ezivela kumazwe aphuhlileyo afana neYurophu neMelika, oomatshini bokupakisha abaveliswa eTshayina bafikeleleka lula kwaye ukusebenza kwabo kunye nomgangatho wabo akuphantsi. Oku kuye kwenza oomatshini bokupakisha baseTshayina baqhubeke nokwandisa isabelo sabo kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe kwaye babe luphawu oluthandwayo kumazwe amaninzi nakwiindawo. Njengomnye woomatshini bokupakisha abalula (idosi enye). Umatshini Wokuzalisa ) yenziwe ngoomatshini beBeijing Poemy ababesetyenziselwa ukupakisha iimveliso ezingamanzi aphantsi kunye nezolwelo, ezifana nobusi, ijeli yomlomo ye-sildenafil, iimveliso zonyango, isiraphu, njl.njl., ukuba uthenga lo matshini eYurophu, ixabiso lawo lingaphezulu kwe-2 yezigidi zeerandi zeerandi, kodwa uthenga kwiPoemy Machinery yaseTshayina, itshiphu kakhulu.

4. Iingenelo zemfuno yemarike

4.1 Imfuno enkulu kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe

Ngokukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi, imfuno yoomatshini bokupakisha kumazwe ahlukeneyo nayo iyanda. Ingakumbi kumazwe asakhasayo, ngenxa yezinga eliphantsi lophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso, amandla emfuno yoomatshini bokupakisha makhulu kakhulu. Oku kubonelela ngendawo ebanzi yemarike kwiinkampani zoomatshini bokupakisha baseTshayina.

4.2 Amathuba emarike aziswa yiBelt and Road Initiative

Ngokuqhubeka phambili kwephulo elithi “One Belt, One Road”, imfuno yokwakhiwa kweziseko zophuhliso kunye nophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso kumazwe akule ndlela iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Oku kubonelela ngamathuba amatsha emarike kwiinkampani zoomatshini bokupakisha baseTshayina. Ngokuthatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kwiiprojekthi zentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, iinkampani zaseTshayina zinokwandisa ngakumbi iimarike zaphesheya kwaye ziphucule impembelelo yehlabathi yeempawu zazo.

5. Isiphelo

Nokuba kunjalo, iingenelo zoomatshini bokupakisha baseTshayina kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe zibonakala kumgangatho wemveliso, ubuchule bobuchwepheshe, ukhuphiswano lwamaxabiso kunye nemfuno yemarike. Nangona kunjalo, xa kujongwa ukhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe oluya lusanda kunye nemeko yemarike engaqinisekanga, iinkampani zoomatshini bokupakisha baseTshayina zisafuna ukuphucula amandla azo rhoqo kwaye ziqinise uphando nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji kunye nokwakha uphawu ukuze zijongane nemingeni yexesha elizayo. Kwangaxeshanye, urhulumente kufuneka aqhubeke nokwandisa inkxaso kushishino loomatshini bokupakisha, aphucule imigaqo-nkqubo yemizi-mveliso, kwaye abonelele ngendawo yophuhliso elungileyo kumashishini. Kuphela ngale ndlela apho ishishini loomatshini bokupakisha laseTshayina linokuhlala linenzuzo yalo yokhuphiswano kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe kwaye lifezekise uphuhliso oluzinzileyo.